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A number of words and phrases have come to describe different styles and aspects of graffiti. Like other jargon and colloquialisms, some phrases vary in different cities and countries. The following terminology comes primarily from the United States. ==A–D== ;angels :Famous or respected graffiti artists who have died. The people who admire them tag their names on a the wall with halos above them or make tribute pieces with their faces or tag with the dates of their birth to death. ;all city :The state of being known for one's graffiti throughout a city. Originally, this term meant to be known throughout the five boroughs of New York City through the medium of subway cars. ;back to back :Graffiti that covers a wall from end to end, as seen on some parts of the West-Berlin side of the Berlin Wall. Similarly, trains sometimes receive end to end painting when a carriage has been painted along its entire length. This is often abbreviated as ''e2e''. End to ends used to be called window-downs but this is an older expression that is falling from popularity. ;backjump :A quickly executed throw up or panel piece. Backjumps are usually painted on a temporarily parked train or a running bus. ;black book :A graffiti artist's sketchbook. Also known as a "piece book." It is often used to sketch out and plan potential graffiti, and to collect tags from other writers. It is a writer's most valuable property, containing all or a majority of the person's sketches and pieces. A writer’s sketchbook is carefully guarded from the police and other authorities, as it can be used as material evidence in a graffiti vandalism case and link a writer to previous illicit works.〔''"The participants, who didn't keep the traditional type of graffiti black book, still had a sketchbook and a photo album that documented and preserved the ephemeral nature of their graffiti paintings."'' Rahn, Janice. Painting Without Permission: Hip-Hop Graffiti Subculture, Westport: Greenwood, 2002. (p. 205)〕 ;bite :To steal another artist's ideas, name, lettering or color schemes. Seasoned artists will often complain about toys that bite their work.〔Whitford (p. 1)〕〔''Subway Art'', Martha Cooper and Henry Chalfant, p27. Henry Holt and Company, 1984. ISBN 978-0-8050-0678-0.〕 ;bomb :To ''bomb'' or ''hit'' is to paint many surfaces in an area. Bombers often choose to paint throw-ups or tags instead of complex pieces, as they can be executed more quickly.〔〔''"Graffitists' slang ... Bomb: To apply graffiti intensively to a location ... Hit: To tag or bomb a surface"'' Whitford, M. J. Getting Rid of Graffiti: A Practical Guide to Graffiti Removal, London: Taylor & Francis, 1992. (p. 1)〕 ;buff :To remove painted graffiti with chemicals and other instruments, or to paint over it with a flat color.〔〔 ;burn :To beat a competitor with a style. To rat out an accomplice or crime partner either intentionally or unintentionally. ;burner :1. A large, more elaborate type of piece. The piece could be said to be "burning" out of the wall, billboard, or train-side. Because they take so much time and effort, burners in downtown areas are more likely to be legal pieces, painted with the consent of the property owner. The early writers of New York also did burners illegally on trains, and adventurous modern writers sometimes still do large scale illegal pieces in heavily-trafficked areas.〔〔''"Burner: A great piece"'' Whitford (p. 1)〕 :2. More recently, any quick chrome bombing or throwup. ;burning :Any work having not been removed. "That piece is still burning on main street." ;cannon(s) :A slang term for spray paint cans. This term is thought to originate in Brooklyn, New York. ;cap (I) :the nozzle for the aerosol paint can, also referred to as Tips. Different kinds are used for styles. New York Thins, Rustos, and New York Fats are the most commonly used caps. ;cap (II) :To cross out or in any other way ruin a piece made by others. Derives from a writer named "Cap" who was infamous for making throw-ups over others' pieces. ;crew :A ''crew'', ''krew'', or ''cru'' is a group of associated writers or graffiti artists that often work together. Crews are differentiated from gangs in that their main objective is to paint graffiti, although gang-like activity can occur. Any group of friends can quickly and informally form a crew if they are interested in graffiti and want to start collaborating. Often crews will recruit new members over time in order to maintain their relevance. There is a smaller risk of being held responsible for crew works if a single member gets arrested. From a legal point of view, the name could have been painted by anyone in the group.〔〔 ;domming :A colour-mixing technique done by spraying one colour over another while it is still wet, then rubbing the two together. Sometimes an abrasive like sand is used to create different effects. The term is derived from "con''dom''," as a reference to its synonym ''rubber'' and is sometimes called ''fingering,'' as it is commonly done with one's fingers. ;dropsy :a bribe. ;dress-up :To completely write all over a specific area like a door-way, wall or window that is untouched. ;dubs :London/UK style of graffiti executed in silver or chrome paint. Usually on railway walls or street locations, it is done quickly by a crew or group of writers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Glossary of graffiti」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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